Student Visas

Summary

This page provides information on F-1 and J-1 student visas, as well as application processes, transfers in or out of Harvard, and leaves of absence

All student visas sponsored by Harvard University require both a visa document issued by the Harvard International Office (HIO) and a visa from a U.S. embassy or consulate outside the United States, except those for Canadian citizens who only need a visa document and do not need a visa from a U.S. embassy or consulate.  

The information in this section provides an overview of what to expect when requesting a visa document from Harvard University, applying for a visa at a U.S. embassy or consulate, and finally, entering the United States. 

Your Immigration Responsibilities

It is your responsibility to maintain your F or J status. The HIO is here to help you understand often complex immigration regulations and provide resources to keep you up to date with immigration regulations.

Review the information under Student Visa Options for more details on the the specific requirements for F and J visas. Contact your HIO advisor if you have questions. 

Student Visa Options

There are generally two visa categories for studying in the United States: the F-1 student visa and the J-1 student visa. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security and Department of State regulations governing both of these visa categories require full-time, in-person study in the United States*. Under the current regulations, both allow various degrees of work permission before and after graduation. 

Most admitted full-time international students to Harvard University are eligible for the F-1 visa. Only some students are eligible for the J-1 student visa.  Below you will find a list of the major differences between the two visas. Please click on each visa option for more detailed information. Students who are eligible for both the F-1 student visa and the J-1 student visa must communicate which visa category they plan to use for their programs at Harvard to the admissions office of their schools. Some Harvard programs involve online and campus-based program components; students are encouraged to confirm visa sponsorship options with the respective Harvard admissions offices prior to applying in order to receive appropriate and accurate guidance*. 

F-1 Student Visa Details

The F-1 visa is intended for non-immigrants wishing to pursue academic studies and/or language training programs for a period of time in the United States.

Initial Registration Requirements

New F-1 students must register with the HIO as soon as possible after arrival in Cambridge/Boston and no later than 30 days after the program start date on their Forms I-20. The HIO must report F-1 arrivals to the government within 30 days of the start date.

Full Course of Study

Every F-1 student must pursue full-time study each semester and make normal progress toward completing the program of study. Each school within Harvard has its own definition of what is considered full-time. Students are advised to consult the registrar's office for the definition of being full-time.

Students must not drop a course and become less than full-time without prior authorization from the HIO. Please note that there are very limited circumstances in which pursuing less than full-time study is allowed.

Students must get authorization from the HIO before taking a leave of absence or medical leave.

Conditions and Restrictions on Student Employment

Students must not engage in unauthorized employment. F-1 students in good standing are eligible for on-campus employment. Employment is limited to 20 hours per week when school is in session, and can increase to full time during official holidays and vacations. A student must obtain prior written authorization from the HIO for other types of employment.

Change of Residential Address

Students must report any change of residential address to the HIO within 10 days of the change. F-1 students may report their address changes in the Change of Address form.

Program Changes

Students must notify the HIO if they will complete their program earlier than expected (earlier than the end date of the Form I-20) or if they change their program of study.

Program Extension

Students who need additional time to complete their programs of study must request and be granted a program extension before the current expiration date/program end date on the Form I-20.

Required Travel Documents

Please review our travel information page before making plans to travel abroad. An F-1 student should bring all required travel documents to the HIO to speak with an advisor if needed.

Students should keep their passport valid for six months into the future at all times.

Grace Period

After successfully completing your program, you are allowed to remain in the U.S. for up to 60 days from the program end date on your Form I-20 before either departing the U.S., applying for an I-765 EAD with USCIS in connection with OPT, or transferring to another institution. Different timelines apply if you have voluntarily withdrawn from classes or failed to maintain your F-1 status. Students are not permitted to travel outside the United States and return on F-1 status or to work during the grace period.  

Health Insurance

Massachusetts law requires that students enrolled in an institution of higher learning participate in a student health insurance program or in a health benefit plan with comparable coverage. All Harvard students are automatically enrolled in the Harvard University Student Health Program (HUSHP) and the cost of the plan is applied to their student bill. More information is available on our Healthcare & Insurance page

J-1 Student Visa Details

The purpose of the J-1 Exchange Visitor Program is to provide foreign nationals with opportunities to participate in educational and cultural programs in the United States and return home to share their experiences. The J-1 visa is generally used for students in specific educational exchange programs such as the Fulbright, DAAD, AmidEast, etc. Educational institutions, such as Harvard University, may also sponsor J-1 visas for students in their degree programs.

Eligibility

The J-1 visa program is managed by a shared database called SEVIS. To be eligible for a J-1 visa sponsored by Harvard, one must first meet one of following criteria:

  • At least 50% of the cost of tuition and fees comes from sources other than personal funds
  • Government funding requires use of J-1 visa
  • The J-1 visa (and J-2 for dependents) is obtained using Form DS-2019

Initial Registration Requirements

All new J-1 students must register with the HIO within 30 days of the start date on their Forms DS-2019. A returning student with a new Form DS-2019 must also re-register with the HIO.

Full Course of Study

International students must maintain full-time registration every fall and spring semester. Prior written authorization from an HIO advisor is required in order to take a reduced course load unless it is a student's final semester at Harvard. If students have to interrupt their studies for any reason they must contact their HIO advisors immediately.

Conditions and Restrictions on Student Employment

J-1 students in good standing are eligible to request authorization for on-campus employment. Employment is limited to 20 hours per week when school is in session; they can increase to full time during official holidays and vacations. A student must obtain prior written authorization from the HIO for all types of employment. If a J-1 student is sponsored by an institution other than Harvard, the student must obtain prior written authorization from that organization for all types of employment. 

Maintain Required Health Insurance

J-1 students and their J-2 dependents must maintain required health insurance (including basic Medical Health Insurance, Medical Evacuation and Repatriation insurance) throughout their stay in the United States.

Change of Residential Address

Immigration regulations require that all non-citizens report their residential addresses within 10 days of entry to the United States and subsequently report any changes of address within 10 days to the Immigration authorities. Harvard sponsored J-1 students may report their address changes in the Change of Address section of this website.

Students sponsored by other institutions should contact their program sponsors directly.

Program Extension

J-1 students are required to maintain the validity of their Forms DS-2019 throughout the duration of their exchange programs in the United States. They must apply to their program sponsors for an extension of their J-1 status before their current Forms DS-2019 expire.

Change of Major or Degree

J-1 students should discuss a change of major or degree objective with their advisors. Any such changes should be discussed fully with an HIO advisor prior to making changes with a school or academic department.

Early Withdrawal

If for some reason a J-1 student is not able to complete an academic program, they must notify an HIO advisor and receive approval before withdrawing from their academic program at Harvard.

Required Travel Documents

Please review our travel information page before making plans to travel abroad. A J-1 student should bring all required travel documents to the HIO to speak with an advisor if needed.

Grace Period

After completing your program, you are allowed to remain in the U.S. for up to 30 days from the program end date on your Form DS-2019 before either departing the U.S., applying for Academic Training, or transferring to another institution.

Home Residency Requirement & 12/24-month Bars

The J visa carries several bars and requirements that J visa holders and their departments should be aware of. These are referred to as the two-year home residency requirement and the 12- and 24-month bars. Make sure you fully review and follow these requirements. 

F and J Visa Comparison

CategoryF-1 Student Visa J-1 Student Visa 
Eligibility 
All students admitted in full-time, on-campus degree programs are eligible for the F-1 visa 

Students are only eligible for the J-1 student visa: 

  • If at least 50% of the tuition funding comes from an external source such as a scholarship/fellowship, government agency, or an employer (student loans do not qualify)
  • If the student's government requires that they use the J-1 visa based on receiving a government scholarship
  • If the student's visa is sponsored by an agency such as Fulbright, USAID, or AMIDEAST. 
On-Campus Work 
Students are eligible to work on-campus up to 20 hours/week while school is in session and full time during official school breaks, as long as the employment does not interfere with their educational program. 
Students are eligible to work on-campus up to 20 hours/week while school is in session and full time during official school breaks with written authorization from the HIO, as long as the employment does not interfere with their educational program.  
Off-Campus Work Authorization 

All off-campus work must be related to your field of study, and requires authorization. Off-campus employment that is not related to the course of study is restricted. 

Please see below for more information on the various F-1 work authorization options. Please note, F-1 OPT is only available after students spend two full academic semesters in the U.S. in F-1 status: 

All off-campus work must be related to your field of study, and requires authorization. Off-campus employment that is not related to the course of study is restricted. 

Please see below for more information on the J-1 work authorization options: 

Visa Document Details 
The HIO will issue a Form I-20 to the student and their dependents (if applicable) and send to the student via email; the Form I-20 will be issued for the length of the degree program. The Form I-20 is needed to initiate the F-1 visa application process.  
DS-2019 documents may only be issued for the duration of time for which a student certifies funding. If a student is in a multi-year program and certifies funding for one year, then the HIO-issued DS-2019 document will be for only one year, and the student will have to re-certify funding to extend their visa document for the remainder of the program. Students who have questions about funding totals or certification documents should contact the admissions office at their Harvard School. 
Visa Length Details 
The length of U.S. visa duration depends on a variety of factors including reciprocity agreements between countries as well as consular discretion.  
Dependents (Married Spouses and Children) 

Accompanying dependents (spouse and children) receive the F-2 visa and are not allowed to work. 

F-2 spouses are allowed to enroll in less than full course of study even if that part-time study eventually leads to a degree or certificate. F-2 children may enroll in primary or secondary school. 

Accompanying dependents (spouse and children) receive the J-2 visa. 

Accompanying spouses in J-2 status may apply for work permission in the United States. Be advised that it takes several months to obtain work permission after arriving in the U.S. 

Accompanying dependents may enroll in a full-time course of study in the United States while in J-2 status. 

Other Information 
 

Depending upon the country and funding sources, a J visa holder may be subject to the two-year home residence requirement. Students who are subject to the requirement must return home for two years before being eligible to apply for an H-1, K-1, L-1 or immigrant visa. 

All J-1 Students are subject to a 12-month bar before they are eligible to apply for a J-1 Research Scholar visa. 

Both J-1 and J-2 visa holders are required to have comprehensive health insurance coverage in the United States. 

 

Applying for Your Student Visa

The following guide is intended to help students currently outside the U.S. apply for their student visas and enter the U.S. to start their academic degree programs. Review the steps detailed below carefully. Answers to frequently asked questions may also be found in our Visa Application and DS-160 FAQ. 

  • If you are currently in the United States on a student visa status, please scroll down for further instructions on transferring your student immigration record to Harvard.
  • If you are in the United States on any other visa status (i.e. H-1B, J-2, etc.) please contact the HIO for further guidance.

For questions related to international student admissions, financial aid, and degree programs please contact the admissions office of the appropriate school at Harvard.  

Transfers and Change of Level

This section is intended to help students currently in the United States on a student visa status transfer their F-1 or J-1 student immigration records to Harvard or from Harvard to another institution.

If you are in the United States on any other visa status (i.e. H-1B, J-2, etc.) please contact the HIO for further guidance.

Leave of Absence

Whether you are considering taking a personal leave, a medical leave, withdraw from your program or are being asked by your program to take a leave, you must consult your HIO advisor to discuss the immigration impact of the leave before taking the leave.

*Pursuant to federal visa regulations, student visa sponsorship is only available for full-time, on-campus programs. Any students enrolled in part-time programs, or any online-only programs, are not eligible for F-1 or J-1 student visa sponsorship from Harvard University and are not permitted to enter the U.S. in a student visa status. Individuals are also prohibited from entering the U.S. using a B1/B2 visa or ESTA with the intention of studying online from within the U.S.  Entering the U.S. on a B1/B2 or ESTA with the intention to study remotely would violate your tourist visa status; may result in a denial of entry to the U.S.; and may have a negative impact on obtaining future immigration statuses in the U.S.